When performing carbon arc gouging, how should the extension length of the carbon rod and the gouging angle be set to avoid defects such as carbon inclusion and slag adhesion?

When performing carbon arc gouging, how should the extension length of the carbon rod and the gouging angle be set to avoid defects such as carbon inclusion and slag adhesion?

Carbon rod diameter (mm) φ3–φ6 (small diameter) Extension length (mm) 60–80 Core function: Shortens arc length, improves stability, and prevents carbon particle residue caused by arc breakage.

Carbon rod diameter (mm) φ6–φ8 (medium diameter) Extension length (mm) 80–100 Core function: Balances heat input and slag removal efficiency, suitable for routine rework/beveling.

Carbon rod diameter (mm) φ8–φ12 (large diameter) Extension length (mm) 100–120 Core function: Increases arc penetration while preventing fixture overheating and burnout.